HomeSurgery guidesLateral ankle ligament reconstruction (Brostrom-Gould)
Ligament surgery

Lateral ankle ligament reconstruction (Brostrom-Gould)

Lateral ligament reconstruction is considered for chronic ankle instability that has not responded to 6 months or more of physiotherapy. The Brostrom-Gould procedure repairs and reinforces the torn ligaments using local tissue, with excellent long-term outcomes.

Before surgery
The day of surgery
In hospital
Going home
Recovery week by week

Step 1: Your pre-operative assessment

ℹ️ This appointment takes place 2-4 weeks before surgery. Most patients having this surgery are otherwise fit and well, so the assessment is usually straightforward.

You will have routine pre-operative checks and meet the anaesthetic team. The team will confirm your understanding of the recovery process.

What will happen at the pre-assessment?

Blood tests and an ECG

Standard pre-operative checks.

Medication review

Blood thinners and anti-inflammatory medications may need to be paused before surgery.

Anaesthetic discussion

Usually performed under general anaesthesia or spinal anaesthesia, with a regional nerve block (popliteal block) for post-operative pain relief.

Physiotherapy referral

A structured rehabilitation programme is essential for a successful outcome. Arrangements are made before surgery.

Prepare your home

You will be on crutches for the first 2-4 weeks. Arrange help with shopping, cooking, and transport.

The day of surgery

ℹ️ You will be given a specific arrival time. Do not eat or drink (other than clear water up to 2 hours before) from midnight the night before. Bring your medication list and any documents sent by the hospital.

Arrive at the time given

You will be admitted to the ward or day surgery unit, change into a gown, and be seen by the nursing, anaesthetic, and surgical teams before theatre.

Consent and marking

Your surgeon will confirm the procedure, mark the operative side, and you will sign a consent form before going to theatre.

Anaesthetic

You will meet the anaesthetist in the anaesthetic room. Once anaesthesia is established, the procedure will begin.

Recovery room

After surgery you will wake in the recovery room where nurses monitor your vital signs until you are stable and comfortable.

In hospital

Most foot and ankle surgery is performed as a day case, meaning you go home the same day. More complex procedures such as ankle replacement or flat foot reconstruction usually require 1-3 nights in hospital. Before discharge, the team will check your pain is controlled, give you wound care instructions, and confirm your follow-up appointment.

Pain control

You will be given oral pain relief before discharge. Take it regularly for the first 48 hours rather than waiting until pain is severe.

Wound check and dressing

A nurse will check the wound before you leave and explain how to keep it clean and dry.

Crutches and weight-bearing instructions

You will be shown how to use crutches and given clear instructions about weight-bearing on your operated foot.

Discharge letter and follow-up

You will receive a letter for your GP and details of your next outpatient appointment, usually at 2 weeks for a wound check.

You must not drive yourself home

Arrange for a family member or friend to collect you. You must not drive after a general anaesthetic or sedation.

Going home

⚠️ Important: Do not weight-bear against advice in the first 6 weeks. The repaired ligaments are vulnerable, and early loading can lead to failure of the repair.

Elevate your foot

Keep the foot elevated above the level of your heart for as much of the day as possible during the first 2 weeks. This significantly reduces swelling and helps healing.

Keep the wound clean and dry

Avoid getting the wound wet until it is fully healed, usually 10-14 days. Use a waterproof cover when showering.

Take your pain relief as prescribed

Do not wait until pain is severe before taking medication. Regular simple analgesia (paracetamol, ibuprofen if appropriate) is more effective than taking it only when needed.

Attend your wound check appointment

This is usually 2 weeks after surgery. Sutures or clips will be removed if used.

When to contact the hospital

Seek urgent advice if you develop increasing redness, warmth, swelling, discharge from the wound, calf pain or swelling (possible DVT), shortness of breath, or a temperature above 38°C.

Recovery week by week

Weeks 0-2

Below-knee cast or boot

Non-weight-bearing on crutches. Foot is immobilised to protect the repair.

Weeks 2-6

Walking boot, progressive weight-bearing

Gradual transition from non-weight-bearing to full weight-bearing in the boot.

Weeks 6-12

Physiotherapy: range and strength

Out of the boot. Structured programme of range of movement, strengthening, and proprioception exercises.

3-4 months

Return to running

Return to running and sport-specific drills, depending on progress and surgeon advice.

4-6 months

Full return to sport

Return to competitive sport, including pivoting and cutting activities. Ankle bracing is often advised for the first 12 months.

Common questions

Will I need a cast?

Most surgeons use a removable walking boot rather than a cast, but practice varies. A short cast may be used for the first 2 weeks.

When can I drive?

Once you are out of the boot and have good control of the foot (typically around 8 weeks). Sooner if it is your left foot and you drive an automatic.

How long off work?

Desk work: 1-2 weeks. Standing work: 6-8 weeks. Heavy manual or sport-related work: 3-4 months.

What is the success rate?

Around 85-90% of patients have an excellent outcome with stable, pain-free ankles. Recurrence of instability is uncommon when full rehabilitation is completed.

Common questions

Your questions, answered

Plain-English answers to the things people most often ask, grounded in published guidance. Tap a question to open it.

Your choiceWho needs ligament reconstruction?

This operation is for people with ongoing instability or repeated giving-way of the ankle despite a good course of rehabilitation.

Most sprains never need surgery.

Sources  BOFAS
Your operationWhat does the Brostrom-Gould involve?

The stretched outer ligaments are tightened and repaired (the Brostrom), and often reinforced with nearby tissue (the Gould modification).

It restores stability to the outer side of the ankle.

Sources  BOFAS
AnaesthesiaWhat anaesthetic is used?

Usually a general or spinal anaesthetic with a nerve block, as a day case.

Your anaesthetist will discuss the options.

Sources  NHS
Getting backWhat is recovery like?

Expect a boot for several weeks, then balance and strengthening rehabilitation. Return to sport is often around three to six months.

Finishing the rehab is what makes the ankle reliable again.

Sources  BOFAS
PreparingHow do I prepare?

Arrange crutches, help at home and time off, and complete any pre-operative rehabilitation you are given.

A stronger ankle going in tends to recover better.

Sources  NHS
UrgentWhat warning signs need review?

Wound redness, discharge or a temperature can signal infection, and calf or chest symptoms can signal a clot.

Seek prompt help if these occur.

Sources  NHS
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